URL encoding, also referred to as **percent-encoding**, is a mechanism used to translate specific characters in a Uniform Resource Identifier (URI) under precise conditions. While commonly referred to as URL encoding, it is a broader standard defined for all URIs and URLs within the HTTP web protocol.
Certain special characters have reserved meanings in URLs (such as ?, &, =, /, :). If you need to transmit user inputs containing these characters inside query parameters without breaking the URL's syntactical structure, they must be converted into their percentage safe representations. Additionally, international characters outside the standard ASCII range (like accented letters or non-English symbols) require encoding to be parsed properly by servers and browsers.
%XX format (complying strictly with the RFC 3986 standard).